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{{short description|Noodle dish from Japanese-Chinese cuisine}}
[[File:Shikairo Nagasaki Japan05s.jpg|thumb|250px|Original ''Shikairō Champon'']]
{{distinguish|Champion}}
⚫
{{nihongo|'''''Champon'''''|ちゃんぽん|Chanpon}}, also known as '''''Chanpon''''', is a [[noodle]] dish that is a [[regional cuisine]] of Nagasaki. There are different versions in Japan, Korea and China. The dish was, inspired from the cuisine of China. ''Champon'' is made by frying pork, seafood and vegetables with lard; a soup made with chicken and pig bones is then added. [[Ramen]] noodles made especially for ''champon'' are added and then boiled. Unlike other ramen dishes, only one pan is needed as the noodles are boiled in the soup. Depending on the season and the situation, the ingredients differ. Hence the taste and style may depend on the location and time of year.{{cn|date=October 2015}}
{{italics}}
{{Infobox food
| name = Champon
| image =Shikairo Nagasaki Japan05s.jpg
| caption = Original ''Shikairō Champon''
| alternate_name =
| course =
| served =
| type = [[Noodle soup]]
| country = [[China]] (original){{cn|date=October 2023}}<br />[[Japan]] (introduced){{cn|date=October 2023}}
| creator = Chinese restaurant in Nagasaki<ref name=shikairo/>
| national_cuisine = [[Japanese Chinese cuisine]]
| region = [[Nagasaki]]
| main_ingredient = [[ramen]] noodles, frying pork, seafood, and vegetables
| variations =
| calories =
| other =
}}


{{nihongo|'''''Champon'''''|ちゃんぽん|Chanpon}}, also known as '''''Chanpon''''', is a [[noodle]] dish that is a [[regional cuisine]] of [[Nagasaki]], Japan. There are different versions in Japan, Korea and China. The dish was inspired by [[Chinese cuisine]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Champon |url=https://www.angsarap.net/2019/02/04/champon/ |website=Ang Sarap |access-date=15 March 2022 |language=en-NZ |date=4 February 2019}}</ref>
⚫
Although Nagasaki Champon is the most well-known rendition, there are other variations found in Japan. ''Ankake no Champon'' is a soy-sauce based variant found in [[Tottori Prefecture|Tottori]], [[Shimane Prefecture|Shimane]] Prefectures, as well as the city of [[Amagasaki]] in [[Hyōgo Prefecture]]. In the city of [[Akita, Akita|Akita]], a version with [[miso]] broth is served, with the soup filling to the bowl almost to the point of overflowing.


⚫
''Champon'' is made by frying pork, seafood and vegetables with lard; a soup made with chicken and pig bones is then added. [[Ramen]] noodles made especially for ''champon'' are added and then boiled. Unlike other ramen dishes, only one pan is needed as the noodles are boiled in the soup. Depending on the season and the situation, the ingredients differ. Hence the taste and style may depend on the location and time of year.{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
⚫
In [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa,]] Champon is a rice dish where assorted vegetables, thinly-sliced meat (pork, luncheon meat or corned beef hash) and scrambled egg are fried and served on top of rice.
⚫
[[File:Okinawa Champon.jpg|left|thumb|Champon from Okinawa is a rice dish served with assorted vegetables and scrambled egg]]


⚫
Although Nagasaki Champon is the best-known rendition, there are other variations found in Japan. ''Ankake no Champon'' is a soy-sauce based variant found in [[Tottori Prefecture|Tottori]], [[Shimane Prefecture|Shimane]] Prefectures, as well as the city of [[Amagasaki]] in [[Hyōgo Prefecture]]. In the city of [[Akita, Akita|Akita]], a version with [[miso]] broth is served, with the soup filling the bowl almost to the point of overflowing.
The Korean [[Jjamppong]] is a similar noodle dish with a spicy seafood broth.

⚫
In [[Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa]], Champon is a rice dish where assorted vegetables, thinly-sliced meat (pork, luncheon meat or corned beef hash) and scrambled egg are fried and served on top of rice. The Korean [[Jjamppong]] is a similar noodle dish with a spicy seafood broth, with similar origins as part of [[Korean Chinese cuisine]].


==History==
==History==
⚫
[[File:Okinawa Champon.jpg|right|thumb|Champon from Okinawa is a rice dish served with assorted vegetables and scrambled egg]]
''Champon'' was first served by {{nihongo|Shikairō|四海楼}}, a Chinese restaurant in [[Nagasaki]]. According to the restaurant, it was based on a dish in [[Fujian cuisine]], {{nihongo||湯肉絲麵|tonniishiimen}}.<ref name=shikairo>[http://www.shikairou.com/2.htm History of Chanpon]. Official website of Shikairo Restaurant</ref> In the middle of the [[Meiji period]], the owner saw a need for a cheap, filling meal that suited the palates of hundreds of Chinese students who came to Japan for school. Nowadays, ''champon'' is a popular specialty food (or ''[[meibutsu]]'') of Nagasaki.<ref name=nt>{{cite web|title=Nagasaki city tourism guide|url=http://www.at-nagasaki.jp/foreign/english/about/culture/|publisher=Nagasaki Tourism}}</ref>
''Champon'' was first served by {{Nihongo3|Four Seas House|四海楼|Shikairō}}, a Chinese restaurant founded in [[Nagasaki]] in 1899. According to the restaurant's website, this was based on a dish in [[Fujian cuisine]], {{lang|zh|湯肉絲麵}}<ref name=shikairo>[http://shikairou.com/%e3%81%a1%e3%82%83%e3%82%93%e3%81%bd%e3%82%93%e3%81%ae%e7%94%b1%e6%9d%a5/ {{lang|ja|ちゃんぽんの由来}} (''Chanpon no Yurai'', “The Origins of Chanpon”)] (in Japanese) {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501145114/http://www.shikairou.com/2.htm |date=2007-05-01 }}. Official website of the ''Shikairō'' Restaurant</ref> (pronounced as ''tó̤ng nṳ̀ sí mīng'' in [[Min Bei]]), which translates to "shredded meat noodles in soup". The majority of the Chinese population in [[Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown|Nagasaki Chinatown]] is from [[Fujian]]. In the middle of the [[Meiji era]] (late 19th century – early 20th century), the owner saw a need for a cheap, filling meal that suited the palates of hundreds of Chinese students who came to Japan for school. Nowadays, ''champon'' is a popular specialty food (or ''[[meibutsu]]'') of Nagasaki.<ref name=nt>{{cite web|title=Nagasaki city tourism guide|url=http://www.at-nagasaki.jp/foreign/english/about/culture/|publisher=Nagasaki Tourism|access-date=2011-05-24|archive-date=2011-09-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928101000/http://www.at-nagasaki.jp/foreign/english/about/culture/|url-status=dead}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
{{wiktionary|champon|ちゃんぽん}}
{{wiktionary|champon|ちゃんぽん}}


There are several theories as to the origin of the word ''champon.'' Its current definition is "to mix a variety of things." One theory is that it was derived from the [[Southern Min|Hokkien]] word ''chia̍h-pn̄g'' (食飯), which means "to eat a meal".<ref name=shikairo/><ref name=nt/> Another theory is that the word was derived from the word ''campur'' Malay or Indonesian, meaning mixed (see [[Nasi campur]]).
There are several theories as to the origin of the word ''champon''. One theory is that it was derived from the [[Southern Min|Hokkien]] word ''chia̍h-pn̄g'' (食飯), which means "to eat a meal",<ref name=shikairo/> which might fit the sense of "a hearty noodle dish made of mixed ingredients".<ref name=nt/> Another theory is that the word was derived from the word campur from [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]], meaning "mixed" (see ''[[Nasi campur]]'', a [[Javanese cuisine|Javanese]] dish), which would fit the term's older sense of "mixed together".

The original sense of "mixed together" appears in texts from the mid-1700s.<ref name="KDJ"><span class="book">'''1988''', <cite>{{lang|ja|国語大辞典（新装版）}} (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition)</cite> (in Japanese), [[Tōkyō]]: [[Shogakukan]]</span>, entry available online [https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%82%93%E3%81%BD%E3%82%93-567060#E7.B2.BE.E9.81.B8.E7.89.88.20.E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E5.9B.BD.E8.AA.9E.E5.A4.A7.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8 here]</ref> Some Japanese dictionaries trace this to Chinese term {{lang|zh|[[wikt:攙和|攙和]]}} ("to mix"),<ref name="KDJ"/><ref><span class="book">'''1995''', <cite>{{lang|ja|大辞泉}} (''[[Daijisen]]'')</cite> (in Japanese), [[Tōkyō]]: [[Shogakukan]], {{ISBN|4-09-501211-0}}</span></ref><ref><span class="book">'''1997''', <cite>{{lang|ja|新明解国語辞典}} (''[[Shin Meikai kokugo jiten]]'')</cite>, Fifth Edition (in Japanese), [[Tōkyō]]: [[Sanseidō]], {{ISBN|4-385-13143-0}}</span></ref> pronounced as ''chham-hô'' in modern [[Min-Nan]] and as ''chānhuò'' in modern [[Mandarin Chinese|Mandarin]].

Usage to refer to the food item appears from the late 19th century to early 20th century, apparently originating from the ''Shikairō'' [[Japanese Chinese cuisine#Chinese restaurants in Japan|Chinese restaurant]] in Nagasaki.<ref>Entry in the {{Cite web |url=https://kotobank.jp/word/ |title=和・洋・中・エスニック　世界の料理がわかる辞典 |trans-title=Japanese-Western-Chinese-Ethnic: Dictionary for Understanding World Cooking |language=Japanese |access-date=2019-09-26 |archive-date=2013-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130817053914/https://kotobank.jp/word/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%A1%E3%82%83%E3%82%93%E3%81%BD%E3%82%93-567060#E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC.E3.81.AE.E9.83.B7.E5.9C.9F.E6.96.99.E7.90.86.E3.81.8C.E3.82.8F.E3.81.8B.E3.82.8B.E8.BE.9E.E5.85.B8 Entry in the {{lang|ja|日本の郷土料理がわかる辞典}} (''Nihon no Kyōdo Ryōri ga Wakaru Jiten'', “Dictionary for Understanding Japanese Home-town Cooking”; in Japanese)]</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Jjamppong]]
* [[List of ramen dishes]]
* [[Japanese Chinese cuisine]]


==References==
==References==
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{portalbar|Food|China|Japan}}
{{Japanese food and drink|state=autocollapse}}
{{Noodle}}
{{Noodle}}
{{Soups|state=collapsed}}


[[Category:Japanese noodles]]
[[Category:Ramen dishes]]
[[Category:Noodle dishes]]
[[Category:Noodle soups]]
[[Category:Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Chinese noodle dishes]]
[[Category:Japanese noodle dishes]]
[[Category:Japanese Chinese cuisine]]

Latest revision as of 21:31, 24 November 2023

Not to be confused with Champion.
Champon
Original Shikairō Champon
TypeNoodle soup
Place of originChina (original)[citation needed]
Japan (introduced)[citation needed]
Region or stateNagasaki
Associated cuisineJapanese Chinese cuisine
Created byChinese restaurant in Nagasaki[1]
Main ingredientsramen noodles, frying pork, seafood, and vegetables

Champon (ちゃんぽん, Chanpon), also known as Chanpon, is a noodle dish that is a regional cuisine of Nagasaki, Japan. There are different versions in Japan, Korea and China. The dish was inspired by Chinese cuisine.[2]

Champon is made by frying pork, seafood and vegetables with lard; a soup made with chicken and pig bones is then added. Ramen noodles made especially for champon are added and then boiled. Unlike other ramen dishes, only one pan is needed as the noodles are boiled in the soup. Depending on the season and the situation, the ingredients differ. Hence the taste and style may depend on the location and time of year.[citation needed]

Although Nagasaki Champon is the best-known rendition, there are other variations found in Japan. Ankake no Champon is a soy-sauce based variant found in Tottori, Shimane Prefectures, as well as the city of Amagasaki in Hyōgo Prefecture. In the city of Akita, a version with miso broth is served, with the soup filling the bowl almost to the point of overflowing.

In Okinawa, Champon is a rice dish where assorted vegetables, thinly-sliced meat (pork, luncheon meat or corned beef hash) and scrambled egg are fried and served on top of rice. The Korean Jjamppong is a similar noodle dish with a spicy seafood broth, with similar origins as part of Korean Chinese cuisine.

History[edit]

Champon from Okinawa is a rice dish served with assorted vegetables and scrambled egg

Champon was first served by Shikairō (四海楼, Four Seas House), a Chinese restaurant founded in Nagasaki in 1899. According to the restaurant's website, this was based on a dish in Fujian cuisine, 湯肉絲麵[1] (pronounced as tó̤ng nṳ̀ sí mīng in Min Bei), which translates to "shredded meat noodles in soup". The majority of the Chinese population in Nagasaki Chinatown is from Fujian. In the middle of the Meiji era (late 19th century – early 20th century), the owner saw a need for a cheap, filling meal that suited the palates of hundreds of Chinese students who came to Japan for school. Nowadays, champon is a popular specialty food (or meibutsu) of Nagasaki.[3]

Etymology[edit]

Look up champon or ちゃんぽん in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

There are several theories as to the origin of the word champon. One theory is that it was derived from the Hokkien word chia̍h-pn̄g (食飯), which means "to eat a meal",[1] which might fit the sense of "a hearty noodle dish made of mixed ingredients".[3] Another theory is that the word was derived from the word campur from Indonesian, meaning "mixed" (see Nasi campur, a Javanese dish), which would fit the term's older sense of "mixed together".

The original sense of "mixed together" appears in texts from the mid-1700s.[4] Some Japanese dictionaries trace this to Chinese term 攙和 ("to mix"),[4][5][6] pronounced as chham-hô in modern Min-Nan and as chānhuò in modern Mandarin.

Usage to refer to the food item appears from the late 19th century to early 20th century, apparently originating from the Shikairō Chinese restaurant in Nagasaki.[7][8]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Champon.
  1. ^ a b c ちゃんぽんの由来 (Chanpon no Yurai, “The Origins of Chanpon”) (in Japanese) Archived 2007-05-01 at the Wayback Machine. Official website of the Shikairō Restaurant
  2. ^ "Champon". Ang Sarap. 4 February 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2022.
  3. ^ a b "Nagasaki city tourism guide". Nagasaki Tourism. Archived from the original on 2011-09-28. Retrieved 2011-05-24.
  4. ^ a b 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, entry available online here
  5. ^ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, ISBN 4-09-501211-0
  6. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai kokugo jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13143-0
  7. ^ Entry in the "和・洋・中・エスニック　世界の料理がわかる辞典" [Japanese-Western-Chinese-Ethnic: Dictionary for Understanding World Cooking] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2013-08-17. Retrieved 2019-09-26.
  8. ^ Entry in the 日本の郷土料理がわかる辞典 (Nihon no Kyōdo Ryōri ga Wakaru Jiten, “Dictionary for Understanding Japanese Home-town Cooking”; in Japanese)
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