Jump to content

Alstroemeria: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Vocab tweak.
No edit summary
Line 14: Line 14:
|type_species = ''[[Alstroemeria pelegrina]]''
|type_species = ''[[Alstroemeria pelegrina]]''
}}
}}

{{Wikispecies}}{{Commonscat|Alstroemeria}}
[[File:Alstroemeria.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' × ''hybrida'' in the [[Lalbagh Botanical Gardens]]]]
[[File:Alstroemeria.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' × ''hybrida'' in the [[Lalbagh Botanical Gardens]]]]
[[Image:Alstroemeria cultivar.jpg|thumb|An ''Alstroemeria'' cultivar]]
[[File:Alstroemeria x hybrida capsule from above.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' capsule viewed from above, showing anatomical detail, including apical beak, vascular bundles (in section) in ribs etc.]]
[[File:Purple Alstroemeria capsule side view.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' seed capsule viewed from side, showing winged ribs and (triangular pyramidal) apical beak.]]
[[Image:Alstroemeria pod opening.jpg|thumb|Premature dehiscence of ''Alstroemeria'' seed capsule|alt=Developing Alstroemeria seed capsule cut open to reveal unripe seeds]]
[[Image:Alstroemeria aurea 'Saturne'.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' 'Saturne']]
[[Image:Alstroemeria aurea 'Saturne'.jpg|thumb|''Alstroemeria'' 'Saturne']]


Line 29: Line 25:
==Description==
==Description==
Plants of this genus grow from a cluster of [[tuber]]s. They send up fertile and sterile stems, the fertile stems of some species reaching 1.5 meters in height. The leaves are alternately arranged and [[Resupination|resupinate]], twisted on the [[petiole (botany)|petioles]] so that the undersides face up. The leaves are variable in shape and the blades have smooth edges. The flowers are solitary or borne in [[umbel]]s. The flower has six [[tepal]]s each up to 5 centimeters long. They come in many shades of red, orange, purple, green, and white, flecked and striped and streaked with darker colors. There are six curving [[stamen]]s. The [[gynoecium|stigma]] has three lobes. The fruit is a [[capsule (botany)|capsule]] with three valves. Alstroemeria are classified as an inferior monocot, meaning the petals are located above the ovary and the leaves are parallel.<ref name=fna>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=101212 ''Alstroemeria''.] Flora of North America.</ref>
Plants of this genus grow from a cluster of [[tuber]]s. They send up fertile and sterile stems, the fertile stems of some species reaching 1.5 meters in height. The leaves are alternately arranged and [[Resupination|resupinate]], twisted on the [[petiole (botany)|petioles]] so that the undersides face up. The leaves are variable in shape and the blades have smooth edges. The flowers are solitary or borne in [[umbel]]s. The flower has six [[tepal]]s each up to 5 centimeters long. They come in many shades of red, orange, purple, green, and white, flecked and striped and streaked with darker colors. There are six curving [[stamen]]s. The [[gynoecium|stigma]] has three lobes. The fruit is a [[capsule (botany)|capsule]] with three valves. Alstroemeria are classified as an inferior monocot, meaning the petals are located above the ovary and the leaves are parallel.<ref name=fna>[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=101212 ''Alstroemeria''.] Flora of North America.</ref>
<gallery>

Image:Alstroemeria cultivar.jpg|An ''Alstroemeria'' cultivar
File:Alstroemeria x hybrida capsule from above.jpg|''Alstroemeria'' capsule viewed from above, showing anatomical detail, including apical beak, vascular bundles (in section) in ribs etc.
File:Purple Alstroemeria capsule side view.jpg|''Alstroemeria'' seed capsule viewed from side, showing winged ribs and (triangular pyramidal) apical beak.
Image:Alstroemeria pod opening.jpg|Premature dehiscence of ''Alstroemeria'' seed capsule|alt=Developing Alstroemeria seed capsule cut open to reveal unripe seeds
</gallery>
==Cultivation and uses==
==Cultivation and uses==
[[Image:Alstroemeria ligtu 1.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Alstroemeria ligtu]]'']]
[[Image:Alstroemeria ligtu 1.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Alstroemeria ligtu]]'']]
Line 63: Line 64:
Some alstroemerias have escaped cultivation and become [[weed]]s, such as ''[[Alstroemeria pulchella]]''. and ''[[Alstroemeria aurea|A. aurea]]'', which are now weeds in [[Australia]]. These delicate flowers survive up to 14 days without any signs of shriveling<ref>[https://www.flowersnfruits.com/blog/5-long-lasting-fresh-cut-flowers/ Long Lasting Flowers]</ref>.
Some alstroemerias have escaped cultivation and become [[weed]]s, such as ''[[Alstroemeria pulchella]]''. and ''[[Alstroemeria aurea|A. aurea]]'', which are now weeds in [[Australia]]. These delicate flowers survive up to 14 days without any signs of shriveling<ref>[https://www.flowersnfruits.com/blog/5-long-lasting-fresh-cut-flowers/ Long Lasting Flowers]</ref>.


; Species
== Species==

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
{| class="wikitable"
* ''[[Alstroemeria achirae]]'' - [[Maule Region|Maule]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria albescens]]'' - [[Rio Grande do Sul]]
! Image !! Name!! Distribution
* ''[[Alstroemeria altoparadisea]]'' - [[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria amabilis]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria amazonica]]'' - [[Pará]], [[Bolívar (state)|Bolívar]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria achirae]]'' ||[[Maule Region|Maule]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria andina]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria angustifolia]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria albescens]]''||[[Rio Grande do Sul]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria annapolina]]'' - [[Goiás]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria apertiflora]]'' - [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Paraguay]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria altoparadisea]]'' ||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria aquidauanica]]'' - [[Mato Grosso]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria arnicana]]'' - [[Goiás]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria amabilis]]'' ||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria aulica]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria aurea]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]; naturalized in [[New Zealand]], [[Victoria (Australia)]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria amazonica]]''||[[Pará]], [[Bolívar (state)|Bolívar]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria bahiensis]]'' - [[Bahia]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria bakeri]]'' - [[Catamarca Province|Catamarca]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria andina]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria bilabiata]]'' - [[Santiago de Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria brasiliensis]]'' - [[Brazil]]
|[[File:Mariposa del Campo (3435629865).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria angustifolia]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria burchellii]]'' - [[Goiás]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria cabralensis]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria annapolina]]''||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria caiaponica]]'' - [[Goiás]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria calliantha]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria apertiflora]]''||[[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Paraguay]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria cantillanica]]'' - [[O'Higgins Region|O'Higgins]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria capixaba]]'' - [[Espírito Santo]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria aquidauanica]]''|| [[Mato Grosso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria caryophyllaea]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria chapadensis]]'' - [[Mato Grosso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria arnicana]]''||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria chorillensis ]]'' - [[Peru]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria crispata]]'' - northern [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria aulica]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria cuiabana]]'' - [[Mato Grosso]]
|[[File:Amancay - Flickr - rgamper.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria aurea]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]; naturalized in [[New Zealand]], [[Victoria (Australia)]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria cultrifolia]]'' - [[Brasília]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria cunha]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria decora]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria bahiensis]]''||[[Bahia]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria diluta]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria discolor]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria bakeri]]''||[[Catamarca Province|Catamarca]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria douradensis]]'' - [[Goiás]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria espigonensis]]'' - [[Bahia]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria bilabiata]]''||[[Santiago de Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria exserens]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria fiebrigiana]]'' - [[Bolivia]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria brasiliensis - Flickr - peganum (1).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria brasiliensis]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria firmulifolia]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria foliosa]]'' - [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria burchellii]]''||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria fuscovinosa]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria garaventae]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria cabralensis]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria gardneri]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria glaucandra]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria caiaponica]]'' ||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria gouveiana]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria graminea]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria calliantha]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria hookeri]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria huemulina]]'' - [[Bío Bío Region|Bío Bío]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria cantillanica]]''||[[O'Higgins Region|O'Higgins]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria ibitipocae]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria igarapavica]]'' - [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria capixaba]]''||[[Espírito Santo]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria inodora]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria isabellana]]'' - [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Uruguay]], [[Paraguay]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria caryophyllaea]]'' ||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria itabiritensis]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria jequitiana]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria chapadensis]]''||[[Mato Grosso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria jocunda]]'' - [[Santiago de Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria julieae]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria chorillensis ]]''||[[Peru]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria kingii]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria lactilutea]]'' - [[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria crispata]]''||northern [[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria landimana]]'' - [[Brasília]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria leporina]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria cuiabana]]''||[[Mato Grosso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria ligtu]]'' - St. Martin's flower - [[Peru]], [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria litterata]]'' - [[Mato Grosso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria cultrifolia]]''||[[Brasília]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria longaviensis]]'' - [[Maule Region|Maule]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria longistaminea]]''- [[Brazil]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria cunha]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria longistyla]]'' - [[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria lutea]]'' - [[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria decora]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria magna]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria magnifica]]'' - [[Chile]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria diluta ssp chrysantha 11 (14291511100).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria diluta]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria malmeana]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria modesta]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria discolor]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria mollensis]]'' - [[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria monantha]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria douradensis]]''||[[Goiás]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria monticola]]'' - [[Bahia]], [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria nidularis]]'' - [[Maule Region|Maule]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria espigonensis]]''||[[Bahia]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria nivea]]'' - [[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria ochracea]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria exserens (9063027475).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria exserens]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria orchidioides]]'' - [[Brasília]], [[Goiás]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria pallida]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria fiebrigiana]]'' ||[[Bolivia]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria paraensis]]'' - [[Pará]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria patagonica]]'' - southern [[Argentina]], southern [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria firmulifolia]]'' ||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria paupercula]]'' - [[Peru]], northern [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria pelegrina]]'' - Peruvian lily - [[Peru]], [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria foliosa]]'' ||[[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria penduliflora]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria philippii]]'' - northern [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria fuscovinosa]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria piauhyensis]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria plantaginea]]'' - [[Brazil]], [[Venezuela]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria garaventae.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria garaventae]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria poetica]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria polpaicana]]'' - [[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria gardneri]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria polyphylla]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria presliana]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria glaucandra]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria pseudospathulata]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria pubiflora ]]'' - [[Goiás]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria gouveiana]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria pudica]]'' - [[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria graminea]]''||[[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria pulchella]]'' - New Zealand Christmas-bell - [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]]; naturalized in [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], Southeastern [[United States]], southern [[Mexico]], [[Madeira]], [[Canary Islands]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria pulchra]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria punctata]]'' - [[Brasília]], [[Goiás]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria hookeri Lodd. ssp. maculata by Pato Novoa - 003.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria hookeri]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria pygmaea]]'' - [[Peru]], [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria radula]]'' - [[Brazil]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria huemulina]]''||[[Bío Bío Region|Bío Bío]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria recumbens]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria revoluta]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria ibitipocae]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria ribeirensis]]'' - [[Paraná (state)|Paraná]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria roseoviridis]]'' - [[Mato Grosso do Sul]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria igarapavica]]''||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria rupestris]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria sabulosa]]'' - [[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria inodora]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria schizanthoides]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria sellowiana ]]'' - [[Brazil]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria isabellana]]''||[[Brazil]], [[Argentina]], [[Uruguay]], [[Paraguay]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria spathulata]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria speciosa]]'' - [[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria itabiritensis]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria spectabilis]]'' - [[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria stenopetala]]'' - [[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria jequitiana]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria talcaensis]]'' - [[Maule Region|Maule]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria timida]]'' - [[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria jocunda]]''||[[Santiago de Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria tombolatoana]]'' - [[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria umbellata]]'' - [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria julieae]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria variegata]]'' - [[Minas Gerais]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria venusta]]'' - [[Chile]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria kingii (8383813801).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria kingii]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria versicolor]]'' - [[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria virginalis]]'' - [[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria lactilutea]]''||[[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria viridiflora]]'' - [[Brazil]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria werdermannii]]'' - [[Chile]]
| || ''[[Alstroemeria landimana]]''||[[Brasília]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria xavantinensis]]'' - [[Mato Grosso]]
|[[File:Alstroemeria leporina Ehr. Bayer & Grau (40130840600).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria leporina]]''||[[Chile]]
* ''[[Alstroemeria yaelae]]'' - [[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
* ''[[Alstroemeria zoelneri]]'' - [[Chile]]
|[[File:Alstoemeria ligtu splendens (8383790249).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria ligtu]]'', St. Martin's flower||[[Peru]], [[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
}}
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria litterata]]''||[[Mato Grosso]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria longaviensis]]''||[[Maule Region|Maule]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria longistaminea]]''|| [[Brazil]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria longistyla]]''||[[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria lutea]]''||[[Tarapacá Region|Tarapacá]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria magna]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria magnifica - Flickr 003.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria magnifica]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria malmeana]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria modesta]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria mollensis]]'' ||[[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria monantha]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria monticola]]''||[[Bahia]], [[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria nidularis]]''||[[Maule Region|Maule]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria nivea]]'' ||[[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria ochracea]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria orchidioides]]''||[[Brasília]], [[Goiás]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria pallida]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria paraensis]]''||[[Pará]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria patagonica]]''||southern [[Argentina]], southern [[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria paupercula]]''||[[Peru]], northern [[Chile]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria pelegrina. Mariposa de Los Molles).JPG|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria pelegrina]]'', Peruvian lily||[[Peru]], [[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria penduliflora]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria philippii]]''||northern [[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria piauhyensis]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria plantaginea.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria plantaginea]]''||[[Brazil]], [[Venezuela]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria poetica]]'' ||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria polpaicana]]''||[[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria polyphylla]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria presliana]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria pseudospathulata]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria pubiflora ]]''||[[Goiás]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria pudica]]''||[[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria pulchella L.f. (AM AK307749-1).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria pulchella]]'', New Zealand Christmas-bell||[[Brazil]], [[Argentina]]; naturalized in [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], Southeastern [[United States]], southern [[Mexico]], [[Madeira]], [[Canary Islands]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria pulchra Cuesta Las Chilcas 02.JPG|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria pulchra]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria punctata]]''||[[Brasília]], [[Goiás]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria pygmaea]]''||[[Peru]], [[Brazil]], [[Argentina]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria radula]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria recumbens]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria revoluta Ruiz. y Pav. (2884616692).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria revoluta]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria ribeirensis]]''||[[Paraná (state)|Paraná]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria roseoviridis]]''||[[Mato Grosso do Sul]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria rupestris]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria sabulosa]]''||[[Valparaíso Region|Valparaíso]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria schizanthoides]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria sellowiana ]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria spathulata (30522003521).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria spathulata]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria speciosa]]''||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria spectabilis]]''||[[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria stenopetala.jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria stenopetala]]''||[[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria talcaensis]]'' ||[[Maule Region|Maule]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria timida]]''||[[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria tombolatoana]]''||[[Goiás]], [[Minas Gerais]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria umbellata (5431315792).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria umbellata]]''||[[Chile]], [[Argentina]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria variegata]]''||[[Minas Gerais]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria venusta]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
|[[File:Alstroemeria versicolor (8384817557).jpg|120px]] || ''[[Alstroemeria versicolor]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria virginalis]]'' ||[[Coquimbo Region|Coquimbo]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria viridiflora]]''||[[Brazil]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria werdermannii]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria xavantinensis]]''||[[Mato Grosso]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria yaelae]]''||[[Santiago Region|Santiago]]
|-
| || ''[[Alstroemeria zoelneri]]''||[[Chile]]
|-
|}
















==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Wikispecies}}{{Commonscat|Alstroemeria}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q917833}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q917833}}


Revision as of 05:47, 29 October 2019

Alstroemeria
Peruvian lily (Alstroemeria aurea)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Alstroemeriaceae
Tribe: Alstroemerieae
Genus: Alstroemeria
L.
Type species
Alstroemeria pelegrina
Synonyms[1]
  • Alstremeria, alternative spelling
  • Ligtu Adans.
  • Lilavia Raf.
  • Priopetalon Raf.
  • Schickendantzia Pax
  • Taltalia Ehr.Bayer
Alstroemeria × hybrida in the Lalbagh Botanical Gardens
Alstroemeria 'Saturne'

Alstroemeria (/ˌælstrɪˈmɪəriə/), commonly called the Peruvian lily or lily of the Incas, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Alstroemeriaceae. They are all native to South America although some have become naturalized in the United States, Mexico, Australia, New Zealand, Madeira and the Canary Islands. Almost all of the species are restricted to one of two distinct centers of diversity, one in central Chile, the other in eastern Brazil. Species of Alstroemeria from Chile are winter-growing plants while those of Brazil are summer-growing. All are long-lived perennials except A. graminea, a diminutive annual from the Atacama Desert of Chile.

Etymology

The genus was named after the Swedish baron Clas Alströmer (1736–1794) by his close friend Carl Linnaeus.

Description

Plants of this genus grow from a cluster of tubers. They send up fertile and sterile stems, the fertile stems of some species reaching 1.5 meters in height. The leaves are alternately arranged and resupinate, twisted on the petioles so that the undersides face up. The leaves are variable in shape and the blades have smooth edges. The flowers are solitary or borne in umbels. The flower has six tepals each up to 5 centimeters long. They come in many shades of red, orange, purple, green, and white, flecked and striped and streaked with darker colors. There are six curving stamens. The stigma has three lobes. The fruit is a capsule with three valves. Alstroemeria are classified as an inferior monocot, meaning the petals are located above the ovary and the leaves are parallel.[2]

  • An Alstroemeria cultivar
    An Alstroemeria cultivar
  • Alstroemeria capsule viewed from above, showing anatomical detail, including apical beak, vascular bundles (in section) in ribs etc.
    Alstroemeria capsule viewed from above, showing anatomical detail, including apical beak, vascular bundles (in section) in ribs etc.
  • Alstroemeria seed capsule viewed from side, showing winged ribs and (triangular pyramidal) apical beak.
    Alstroemeria seed capsule viewed from side, showing winged ribs and (triangular pyramidal) apical beak.
  • Developing Alstroemeria seed capsule cut open to reveal unripe seeds
    Premature dehiscence of Alstroemeria seed capsule

Cultivation and uses

Alstroemeria ligtu

Many hybrids and at least 190 cultivars have been developed, featuring many different markings and colors, including white, yellow, orange, apricot, pink, red, purple, and lavender. The most popular and showy hybrids commonly grown today result from crosses between species from Chile (winter-growing) with species from Brazil (summer-growing). This strategy has overcome the florists' problem of seasonal dormancy and resulted in plants that are evergreen, or nearly so, and flower for most of the year. This breeding work derives mainly from trials that began in the United States in the 1980s, the main breeding is done nowadays by companies in the Netherlands. The flower, which resembles a miniature lily, is very popular for bouquets and flower arrangements in the commercial cut flower trade.

Alstroemeria pelegrina

Most cultivars available for the home garden will bloom in the late spring and early summer. The roots are hardy to a temperature of 23 °F (−5 °C). The plant requires at least six hours of morning sunlight, regular water, and well-drained soil.

The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:

  • 'Apollo'[3] (white/yellow flowers)
  • ‘Cahors’[4] (pink/yellow)
  • ‘Celine’[5] (pale pink/yellow)
  • 'Coronet'[6] (salmon/yellow flowers)
  • 'Friendship'[7] (yellow flushed pink)
  • ‘Oriana’[8] (salmon/yellow)
  • 'Orange Gem'[9]
  • 'Orange Glory'[10]
  • ‘Perfect Blue’[11] (pink)
  • ‘Phoenix’[12] (red/yellow)
  • ‘Red Elf’[13]
  • ‘Sirius’[14] (pink/yellow)
  • ‘Sonata’[15] (red/yellow)
  • ‘Spitfire’[16] (orange/yellow)
  • ’Tessa’[17] (red flowers)
  • 'Yellow Friendship'[18]

Ecology

Some alstroemerias have escaped cultivation and become weeds, such as Alstroemeria pulchella. and A. aurea, which are now weeds in Australia. These delicate flowers survive up to 14 days without any signs of shriveling[19].

Species

Image Name Distribution
Alstroemeria achirae Maule
Alstroemeria albescens Rio Grande do Sul
Alstroemeria altoparadisea Goiás
Alstroemeria amabilis Brazil
Alstroemeria amazonica Pará, Bolívar
Alstroemeria andina Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria angustifolia Chile
Alstroemeria annapolina Goiás
Alstroemeria apertiflora Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay
Alstroemeria aquidauanica Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria arnicana Goiás
Alstroemeria aulica Valparaíso
Alstroemeria aurea Chile, Argentina; naturalized in New Zealand, Victoria (Australia)
Alstroemeria bahiensis Bahia
Alstroemeria bakeri Catamarca
Alstroemeria bilabiata Santiago de Chile
Alstroemeria brasiliensis Brazil
Alstroemeria burchellii Goiás
Alstroemeria cabralensis Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria caiaponica Goiás
Alstroemeria calliantha Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria cantillanica O'Higgins
Alstroemeria capixaba Espírito Santo
Alstroemeria caryophyllaea Brazil
Alstroemeria chapadensis Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria chorillensis Peru
Alstroemeria crispata northern Chile
Alstroemeria cuiabana Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria cultrifolia Brasília
Alstroemeria cunha Brazil
Alstroemeria decora Valparaíso
Alstroemeria diluta Chile
Alstroemeria discolor Valparaíso
Alstroemeria douradensis Goiás
Alstroemeria espigonensis Bahia
Alstroemeria exserens Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria fiebrigiana Bolivia
Alstroemeria firmulifolia Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria foliosa Brazil, Paraguay
Alstroemeria fuscovinosa Brazil
Alstroemeria garaventae Chile
Alstroemeria gardneri Brazil
Alstroemeria glaucandra Valparaíso
Alstroemeria gouveiana Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria graminea Chile
Alstroemeria hookeri Chile
Alstroemeria huemulina Bío Bío
Alstroemeria ibitipocae Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria igarapavica São Paulo
Alstroemeria inodora Brazil
Alstroemeria isabellana Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay
Alstroemeria itabiritensis Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria jequitiana Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria jocunda Santiago de Chile
Alstroemeria julieae Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria kingii Chile
Alstroemeria lactilutea Tarapacá
Alstroemeria landimana Brasília
Alstroemeria leporina Chile
Alstroemeria ligtu, St. Martin's flower Peru, Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria litterata Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria longaviensis Maule
Alstroemeria longistaminea Brazil
Alstroemeria longistyla Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria lutea Tarapacá
Alstroemeria magna Valparaíso
Alstroemeria magnifica Chile
Alstroemeria malmeana Brazil
Alstroemeria modesta Chile
Alstroemeria mollensis Coquimbo
Alstroemeria monantha Chile
Alstroemeria monticola Bahia, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria nidularis Maule
Alstroemeria nivea Coquimbo
Alstroemeria ochracea Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria orchidioides Brasília, Goiás
Alstroemeria pallida Chile
Alstroemeria paraensis Pará
Alstroemeria patagonica southern Argentina, southern Chile
Alstroemeria paupercula Peru, northern Chile
Alstroemeria pelegrina, Peruvian lily Peru, Chile
Alstroemeria penduliflora Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria philippii northern Chile
Alstroemeria piauhyensis Brazil
Alstroemeria plantaginea Brazil, Venezuela
Alstroemeria poetica Chile
Alstroemeria polpaicana Santiago
Alstroemeria polyphylla Chile
Alstroemeria presliana Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria pseudospathulata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria pubiflora Goiás
Alstroemeria pudica Santiago
Alstroemeria pulchella, New Zealand Christmas-bell Brazil, Argentina; naturalized in Australia, New Zealand, Southeastern United States, southern Mexico, Madeira, Canary Islands
Alstroemeria pulchra Chile
Alstroemeria punctata Brasília, Goiás
Alstroemeria pygmaea Peru, Brazil, Argentina
Alstroemeria radula Brazil
Alstroemeria recumbens Chile
Alstroemeria revoluta Chile
Alstroemeria ribeirensis Paraná
Alstroemeria roseoviridis Mato Grosso do Sul
Alstroemeria rupestris Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria sabulosa Valparaíso
Alstroemeria schizanthoides Chile
Alstroemeria sellowiana Brazil
Alstroemeria spathulata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria speciosa São Paulo
Alstroemeria spectabilis Santiago
Alstroemeria stenopetala Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria talcaensis Maule
Alstroemeria timida Santiago
Alstroemeria tombolatoana Goiás, Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria umbellata Chile, Argentina
Alstroemeria variegata Minas Gerais
Alstroemeria venusta Chile
Alstroemeria versicolor Chile
Alstroemeria virginalis Coquimbo
Alstroemeria viridiflora Brazil
Alstroemeria werdermannii Chile
Alstroemeria xavantinensis Mato Grosso
Alstroemeria yaelae Santiago
Alstroemeria zoelneri Chile








References

  1. ^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ Alstroemeria. Flora of North America.
  3. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Apollo' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  4. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Cahors'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  5. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Celine'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  6. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Coronet' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  7. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Friendship' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  8. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Oriana'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  9. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Orange Gem' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  10. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Orange Glory' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  11. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Perfect Blue'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  12. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Phoenix'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  13. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Red Elf'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  14. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Sirius'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  15. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Sonata'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  16. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Spitfire'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  17. ^ "Alstroemeria 'Tessa'". Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 January 2018.
  18. ^ "RHS Plant Selector Alstroemeria 'Yellow Friendship' AGM / RHS Gardening". Apps.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  19. ^ Long Lasting Flowers
Wikispecies has information related to Alstroemeria.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alstroemeria.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Alstroemeria&oldid=923543258"