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'{{Short description|American bioethicist and academic (born 1956)}} {{BLP sources|date=March 2022}} {{Infobox academic |name = Leemon McHenry |image = |birth_date = {{birth year and age|1956}} |birth_place = North Carolina, U.S. |alma_mater = University of Edinburgh |notable_works = ''The Event Universe'', ''The Illusion of Evidence-Based Medicine'' |occupation = Philosopher |school_tradition = Speculative philosophy<br />[[Process philosophy]] }} '''Leemon McHenry''' is a [[bioethicist]] and Emeritus Professor of [[Philosophy]] at [[California State University, Northridge]], in the United States. He has taught philosophy at the [[University of Edinburgh]], [[Old Dominion University]], [[Davidson College]], [[Central Michigan University]], [[Wittenberg University]] and [[Loyola Marymount University]], and has held visiting research positions at [[Johns Hopkins University]], [[UCLA]] and at the [[Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities]] in the University of Edinburgh. His research interests center on [[medical ethics]], [[metaphysics]], and [[philosophy of science]]. ==Education== McHenry received his doctorate from the [[University of Edinburgh]], in Scotland, where he was Vans Dunlop Scholar in Logic and Metaphysics supervised by Professor Timothy L. S. Sprigge. He defended the thesis ''Experience and relations in the metaphysics of A.N. Whitehead and F.H. Bradley,'' in `1984 by external examiner, Professor Dorothy Emmet, Cambridge University.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=McHenry |first=Leemon Benton |date=1984 |title=Experience and relations in the metaphysics of A.N. Whitehead and F.H. Bradley |url=https://era.ed.ac.uk/handle/1842/28582 |language=en}}</ref> ==Writings== Much of McHenry's philosophical work focuses on the philosophy of [[Alfred North Whitehead]] and [[Process philosophy|process studies]]. He has devoted attention to Whitehead's attempt to construct a unified general theory from the revolutionary developments in modern physics. McHenry has argued that Whitehead's event ontology is a more adequate basis for achieving this unification than a traditional substance metaphysics. His papers on this subject and a book, ''The Event Universe'', investigate the influence of Maxwell's electromagnetic field and Einstein's special theory of relativity on the ontology of events. In this manner he has defended the naturalized and speculative approach to metaphysics as opposed to analytical and linguistic methods that arose in the 20th century. His main influences include: Alfred North Whitehead, Bertrand Russell, W. V. Quine, Karl Popper, Nicholas Maxwell and Timothy Sprigge. In medical ethics he has focused attention on scientific integrity in clinical research. He has criticized the corporate takeover of medicine and the corrupting influence of the pharmaceutical industry on medicine. This includes dubious claims about chemical imbalance as a marketing ploy for selling antidepressants, [[direct-to-consumer advertising]] of pharmaceuticals, industry-sponsored clinical research, and ghostwriting for medical journals. As an example of the latter, he has written articles about [[GlaxoSmithKline]]'s [[study 329]] on [[paroxetine]] and demanded that the ghostwritten article about the trial results should be retracted by the journal that published it in 2001.<ref>Melanie Newman, [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20800711 "The Rules of Retraction"], ''BMJ'', 341(7785), 11 December 2010, pp.&nbsp;1246–1248. {{doi|10.1136/bmj.c6985}} {{PMID|21138994}}<p> Leemon B. McHenry, Jon N. Jureidini, "Industry-sponsored ghostwriting in clinical trial reporting: a case study," ''Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance'', 15(3), July–September 2008, pp.&nbsp;152–167. {{doi|10.1080/08989620802194384}} {{PMID|18792536}}<p> Jon N. Jureidini, Leemon B. McHenry, Peter R. Mansfield, [https://www.academia.edu/587050/Clinical_trials_and_drug_promotion_Selective_reporting_of_study_329 "Clinical trials and drug promotion: Selective reporting of study 329"], ''International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine'', 20, 2008, pp.&nbsp;73–81. {{doi|10.3233/JRS-2008-0426}}</ref> In a broader realm, he has argued that the industry-academic partnerships have worsened university research, created increased opportunities for scientific misconduct, and failed to protect academic freedom. This work falls within a new area of inquiry, agnotology, understood as the study of willful acts to spread confusion and deceit. McHenry's work has been translated into Italian, French, Spanish, German, Croatian, and Polish. In 2007 he became the literary executor to the late Professor Timothy Sprigge. ==Publications== ==Books== * 1992, ''Whitehead and Bradley: A Comparative Analysis'', SUNY Series in Systematic Philosophy, Albany: [[State University of New York]] Press. * 1993, ''Reflections on Philosophy: Introductory Essays'', ed. with [[Frederick Adams (philosopher)|Frederick Adams]], New York: St. Martins Press. (Second edition, 2003, edited with Takaski Yagisawa, New York: Longman) * 2002, ''British Philosophers: 1800-2000'', ed. with P. Dematteis and P. Fosl, London and Detroit: Gale. * 2003, ''American Philosophers Before 1950'', ed. with P. Dematteis, Volume, 270, London and Detroit: Gale. * 2003, ''American Philosophers, 1950-2000'', ed. with P. Dematteis, Volume 279, London and Detroit: Gale. * 2007, ''Consciousness, Reality and Value: Essays in Honour of T. L. S. Sprigge'', ed. with Pierfrancesco Basile, Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag. * 2009, ''Science and the Pursuit of Wisdom: Studies in the Philosophy of Nicholas Maxwell'', (ed), Frankfurt: Ontos Verlag. * 2010, ''The Importance of Subjectivity: Selected Essays in Metaphysics and Ethics'', T. L. S. Sprigge, (ed), Oxford: Oxford University Press. * 2011, ''Philosophy: The Classic Readings'', (ed) San Diego, CA: University Readers. * 2015, ''The Event Universe: The Revisionary Metaphysics of Alfred North Whitehead'', Edinburgh University Press. * 2020,''The Illusion of Evidence-Based Medicine: Exposing the Crisis of Credibility in Clinical Research,'' with Jon Jureidini, Adelaide: Wakefield Press. ==Selected Articles== *"Descriptive and Revisionary Theories of Events," ''Process Studies,'' Special issue on Process and Analytical Philosophy, 25, 1996, pp. 90-103; *"Quine and Whitehead: Ontology and Methodology," ''Process Studies,'' 26, 1997, pp. 2-12. (Response: W. V. Quine, "Response to Leemon McHenry" ''Process Studies,'' 26, pp. 13-14; reprinted in ''Quine in Dialogue,'' ed by Dagfinn Føllesdal and Douglas Quine, Harvard University Press, 2008, pp. 257-58. * "Ethical Issues in Psychopharmacology,” ''Journal of Medical Ethics,'' 32, 2006, pp. 405-410. * “Clinical Trials and Drug Promotion: Selective Reporting of Study 329,” with Jon Jureidini and Peter Mansfield, ''International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine,'' 20, 2008, pp. 73-81. * “Of Sophists and Spin-Doctors: Industry-Sponsored Ghostwriting and the Crisis of Academic Medicine,” ''Mens Sana Monographs,'' 8, 2010, pp. 129-145. * “Sprigge’s Ontology of Consciousness,” The Metaphysics of Consciousness, Supplement issue of Philosophy: ''The Journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy,'' 85, 2010, pp. 5-20. * “The Multiverse Conjecture: Whitehead’s Cosmic Epochs and Contemporary Cosmology,” ''Process Studies,'' 40.1, 2011, pp. 5-25 * “Blood Money: Bayer’s Inventory of HIV Contaminated Blood Products and Third World Hemophiliacs,” with Mellad M. Khoshnood, ''Accountability in Research,'' 21, 2014, pp. 389-400. * “Analytical Critiques of Whitehead's Metaphysics,” with George W. Shields, ''Journal of the American Philosophical Association,'' 2/3, 2016, pp. 483-503. * “Whitehead and Russell on the Analysis of Matter,” ''The Review of Metaphysics,'' 71, 2017, pp. 321-342. * “The Monsanto Papers: Poisoning the Scientific Well,” ''International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine,'' 29, (3-4), 2018, pp. 193-205. * “The Illusion of Evidence Based Medicine,” with Jon Jureidini, ''British Medical Journal'' (BMJ), 376, 2022, pp. 702-03. ==Appearances== Commonwealth Club of California, The Illusion of Evidence Based Medicine: Distorted Science in the Age of Big Pharma. [https://www.commonwealthclub.org/events/archive/video/illusion-evidence-based-medicine-distorted-science-age-big-pharma] National Public Radio (NPR),The People's Pharmacy: The People's Perspective on Medicine. Is Evidence Based Medicine an illusion? [https://www.peoplespharmacy.com/store/radio-shows/show-1299-is-evidence-based-medicine-an-illusion] ==See also== {{Portal|Philosophy}} * [[American philosophy]] * [[List of American philosophers]] *[[George Austin McHenry]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== * [http://www.csun.edu/~lmchenry/ CSUN.edu] - Leemon McHenry's CSUN faculty homepage, Philosophy Department *[http://christopherwatkin.com/2015/01/01/interview-with-leemon-mchenry-about-his-forthcoming-book-the-event-universe/ Interview with Leemon McHenry about his forthcoming book, The Event Universe] * [http://www.anthonyflood.com/fordwhiteheadbradley.htm AnthonyFlood.com - 'A review of Leemon McHenry, Whitehead and Bradley: A Comparative Analysis', Lewis S. Ford] * [http://www.hist-analytic.com/Sprigge3.htm Timothy Sprigge] *[[Institute for Advanced Studies in the Humanities, University of Edinburgh]][https://www.iash.ed.ac.uk/profile/professor-leemon-mchenry] {{conflict of interest}} {{Authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:McHenry, Leemon}} [[Category:21st-century American philosophers]] [[Category:20th-century American philosophers]] [[Category:American bioethicists]] [[Category:American non-fiction writers]] [[Category:1956 births]] [[Category:Living people]] [[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]] [[Category:Academics of the University of Edinburgh]]'