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[[File:SekienUmizato.jpg|right|thumb|180px| |
[[File:SekienUmizato.jpg|right|thumb|180px|{{Lang|ja-latn|Umi zatō}} from the ''[[Gazu Hyakki Yagyō]]'' by [[Toriyama Sekien]]]] |
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[[File:Oda_Umizato.jpg|right|thumb|180px| |
[[File:Oda_Umizato.jpg|right|thumb|180px|{{Lang|ja-latn|Umi zatō}} from the ''[[Hyakki Yagyō|Hyakki Yagyō Emaki]]'' of the Matsui Library in [[Yatsushiro, Kumamoto|Yatsuhiro]], [[Kumamoto Prefecture]]]] |
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{{Nihongo|'''Umi zatō'''|'''海座頭'''}} is a Japanese [[yōkai]] |
{{Nihongo|'''Umi zatō'''|'''海座頭'''}} is a Japanese [[yōkai]], or supernatural being, in the ''[[Gazu Hyakki Yagyō]]'' by [[Toriyama Sekien]] and in various [[emakimono]] such as the Matsui Library's ''[[Hyakki Yagyō|Hyakki Yagyō Emaki]]''. |
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==Overview== |
==Overview== |
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In [[Yōkai]] depictions, they are depicted looking like a giant [[biwa hōshi]] standing above the sea holding a rod in the right hand and carrying a [[pipa]] on their back.<ref name="kusano">{{Cite book |author=草野巧|title=幻想動物事典|year=1997|publisher=[[新紀元社]]|isbn=978-4-88317-283-2|pages=46頁}}</ref> There is no accompanying explanatory text in the |
In [[Yōkai|''yōkai'']] depictions, they are depicted looking like a giant [[biwa hōshi|''biwa hōshi'']] standing above the sea holding a rod in the right hand and carrying a [[pipa]] on their back.<ref name="kusano">{{Cite book |author=草野巧|title=幻想動物事典|year=1997|publisher=[[新紀元社]]|isbn=978-4-88317-283-2|pages=46頁}}</ref> There is no accompanying explanatory text in the {{Lang|ja-latn|Gazu Hyakki Yagyō}} or {{Lang|ja-latn|Hyakki Yagyō Emaki}}, so it is unknown what kind of {{Lang|ja-latn|yōkai}} this was intended to be. The {{Lang|ja-latn|yōkai}} researcher {{Interlanguage link|Murakami Kenji|lt=|ja|村上 健司|WD=}} considers it a {{Lang|ja-latn|yōkai}} that has existed only in these paintings.<ref>{{Cite book|author=[[村上健司]]編著|title=妖怪事典|publisher=[[毎日新聞社]]|year=2000|isbn=978-4-620-31428-0|pages=60頁|language=ja}}</ref> |
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In books published in the postwar era, there has been the interpretation that this is a kind of [[umibōzu]], which frequently appear off the coast of [[Sanriku Coast|Sanriku]], [[Rikuchū Province]] (now [[Iwate Prefecture|Iwate prefecture]]).<ref name="kusano" /><ref>{{Cite book |author=人文社編集部|title=諸国怪談奇談集成 江戸諸国百物語 東日本編|year=2005|publisher=[[人文社]]|series=ものしりシリーズ|isbn=978-4-7959-1955-6|pages=13頁}}</ref> Although they are counted among the umibōzu, their times of appearance are different, appearing at the times when umibōzu no longer appear, often at the end of the month.<ref name="kusano" /> They walk around on top of the water, threaten fishermen and beckon ships to make them capsize,<ref name="kusano" /> and sometimes even swallow ships whole.<ref>{{Cite book |author=[[水木しげる]]|title=図説 日本妖怪大全|year=1994|publisher=[[講談社]]|series=講談社+α文庫|isbn=978-4-06-256049-8|pages=82頁}}</ref> There is also the theory that they appear above the sea taking on the appearance of a zatō (a kind of member of the build persons' guild such as the [[tōdōza]] or a ranking of members of related groups such the [[Anma]], [[moxibustion]] |
In books published in the postwar era, there has been the interpretation that this is a kind of [[umibōzu|''umibōzu'']], which frequently appear off the coast of [[Sanriku Coast|Sanriku]], [[Rikuchū Province]] (now [[Iwate Prefecture|Iwate prefecture]]).<ref name="kusano" /><ref>{{Cite book |author=人文社編集部|title=諸国怪談奇談集成 江戸諸国百物語 東日本編|year=2005|publisher=[[人文社]]|series=ものしりシリーズ|isbn=978-4-7959-1955-6|pages=13頁}}</ref> Although they are counted among the {{Lang|ja-latn|umibōzu}}, their times of appearance are different, appearing at the times when {{Lang|ja-latn|umibōzu}} no longer appear, often at the end of the month.<ref name="kusano" /> They walk around on top of the water, threaten fishermen and beckon ships to make them capsize,<ref name="kusano" /> and sometimes even swallow ships whole.<ref>{{Cite book |author=[[水木しげる]]|title=図説 日本妖怪大全|year=1994|publisher=[[講談社]]|series=講談社+α文庫|isbn=978-4-06-256049-8|pages=82頁}}</ref> There is also the theory that they appear above the sea taking on the appearance of a {{Lang|ja-latn|zatō}} (a kind of member of the build persons' guild such as the [[tōdōza|''tōdōza'']] or a ranking of members of related groups such the [[Anma]], [[moxibustion]] practitioners, and members of the {{Lang|ja-latn|biwa hōshi}}, among other organizations) to frighten people.<ref>{{Cite web|author=[[山口敏太郎]]|url=http://www.mpchiba.com/youkai/mp_short.cgi?tid=detail11004&equal1=3|title=千葉妖怪伝説 その三 黒入道|website=[http://mypl.net/ まいぷれ]|publisher=[http://www.futurelink.co.jp/ フューチャーリンクネットワーク]|access-date=2011-04-24|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060922052028/http://www.mpchiba.com/youkai/mp_short.cgi?tid=detail11004&equal1=3|archive-date=2006-09-22}}</ref> However, it is said that if the {{Lang|ja-latn|umi zatō}}''<nowiki/>'s'' words are answered properly, then it will go away.<ref name="kusano" /> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 10:08, 15 November 2021
Umi zatō (海座頭) is a Japanese yōkai, or supernatural being, in the Gazu Hyakki Yagyō by Toriyama Sekien and in various emakimono such as the Matsui Library's Hyakki Yagyō Emaki.
Overview
In yōkai depictions, they are depicted looking like a giant biwa hōshi standing above the sea holding a rod in the right hand and carrying a pipa on their back.[1] There is no accompanying explanatory text in the Gazu Hyakki Yagyō or Hyakki Yagyō Emaki, so it is unknown what kind of yōkai this was intended to be. The yōkai researcher Murakami Kenji considers it a yōkai that has existed only in these paintings.[2]
In books published in the postwar era, there has been the interpretation that this is a kind of umibōzu, which frequently appear off the coast of Sanriku, Rikuchū Province (now Iwate prefecture).[1][3] Although they are counted among the umibōzu, their times of appearance are different, appearing at the times when umibōzu no longer appear, often at the end of the month.[1] They walk around on top of the water, threaten fishermen and beckon ships to make them capsize,[1] and sometimes even swallow ships whole.[4] There is also the theory that they appear above the sea taking on the appearance of a zatō (a kind of member of the build persons' guild such as the tōdōza or a ranking of members of related groups such the Anma, moxibustion practitioners, and members of the biwa hōshi, among other organizations) to frighten people.[5] However, it is said that if the umi zatō's words are answered properly, then it will go away.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e 草野巧 (1997). 幻想動物事典. 新紀元社. pp. 46頁. ISBN 978-4-88317-283-2.
- ^ 村上健司編著 (2000). 妖怪事典 (in Japanese). 毎日新聞社. pp. 60頁. ISBN 978-4-620-31428-0.
- ^ 人文社編集部 (2005). 諸国怪談奇談集成 江戸諸国百物語 東日本編. ものしりシリーズ. 人文社. pp. 13頁. ISBN 978-4-7959-1955-6.
- ^ 水木しげる (1994). 図説 日本妖怪大全. 講談社+α文庫. 講談社. pp. 82頁. ISBN 978-4-06-256049-8.
- ^ 山口敏太郎. "千葉妖怪伝説 その三 黒入道". まいぷれ. フューチャーリンクネットワーク. Archived from the original on 2006-09-22. Retrieved 2011-04-24.
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