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{{copy edit|for=Use of Japanese text, awkward and ungrammatical sentences, etc. Also, references need to be translated|date=January 2013}}
[[File:Yashimaji 09.JPG|right|thumb|260px|Minoyama Daimyōjin on the grounds of [[Yashima-ji]]]]
[[File:Yashimaji 09.JPG|right|thumb|260px|Minoyama Daimyōjin on the grounds of [[Yashima-ji]]]]
[[File:Yashima-Tanuki.jpg|right|thumb|160px|A wine bottle of Yashima-tanuki]]
[[File:Yashima-Tanuki.jpg|right|thumb|160px|A wine bottle of Yashima-tanuki]]
{{Nihongo|'''Yashima no Hage-tanuki'''|屋島の禿狸}} is a {{nihongo|化け狸|Bake-danuki|"Supernatural raccoon dog"}}, told of in legends of [[Yashima, Kagawa|Yashima]], [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]], [[Kagawa Prefecture]]. He is also called Tasaburō-tanuki (太三郎狸), Yashima no Hage, and Yashima no Kamuro (屋島の禿). He is counted as one of the "three famous tanuki of Japan" along with [[Danzaburou-danuki]] of [[Sado, Niigata|Sado]] and [[Shibaemon-tanuki]] of [[Awaji Island|Awaji]].<ref>{{Cite book|author=宮沢光顕|title=狸の話|year=1978|publisher=有峰書店|pages=229頁}}</ref> He is also widely known to have appeared in the [[Studio Ghibli]] animated movie, ''[[Pompoko|Heisei Tanuki Gassen Ponpoko]]''.<ref name="村上2011">[[#村上2011|村上2011年]]、126-127頁。</ref>
{{Nihongo|'''Yashima no Hage-tanuki'''|屋島の禿狸}} is a {{nihongo|[[Bake-danuki]]|化け狸|Supernatural raccoon dog}}, who appears in the legends of [[Yashima, Kagawa|Yashima]], [[Takamatsu, Kagawa|Takamatsu]], [[Kagawa Prefecture]]. He is also called Tasaburō-tanuki (太三郎狸), Yashima no Hage, and Yashima no Kamuro (屋島の禿). He is counted as one of the "three famous tanuki of Japan", along with [[Danzaburou-danuki]] of [[Sado, Niigata|Sado]] and [[Shibaemon-tanuki]] of [[Awaji Island|Awaji]].<ref>{{Cite book|author=宮沢光顕|title=狸の話|year=1978|publisher=有峰書店|pages=229頁}}</ref> He is also famous due to his appearance in the [[Studio Ghibli]] animated movie, ''[[Pompoko|Heisei Tanuki Gassen Ponpoko]]''.<ref name="村上2011">[[#村上2011|村上2011年]]、126-127頁。</ref>


==The Legend==
==Legend==
In the past, there was a [[Japanese raccoon dog|tanuki]] who was wounded by a fatal arrow shot, but was saved by [[Taira no Shigemori]]. To pay his debt of gratitude, the tanuki swore to protect the [[Taira clan]]. This wounded tanuki's descendant is said to be Yashima no Hage-tanuki.<ref name="赤塚1995">[[#赤塚1995|赤塚1995年]]、99–100頁。</ref>


After the [[Taira]] clan was ruined, Hage-tanuki became the protector deity of [[Yashima-ji]], the 84th temple on the [[Shikoku Pilgrimage|Shikoku 88-temple pilgrimage]]. His skill at transformation was called the best in Japan, and he achieved the rank of supreme commander of the tanuki in Shikoku. In times of extreme cold, 300 tanuki of his household would gather together, and he would show phantom magic to [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]'s Yasō Tobi (八艘飛び) and Yumi Nagashi (弓流し), as happened during the [[Genpei War]].<ref name="赤塚1995" />
In the past, there was a [[tanuki]] who was wounded by a fatal arrow shot, but was saved by [[Taira no Shigemori]]. To pay his debt of gratitude, the tanuki swore to protect the [[Taira clan]]. The wounded tanuki's descendant is said to be Yashima no Hage-tanuki.<ref name="赤塚1995">[[#赤塚1995|赤塚1995年]]、99-100頁。</ref>


One story of Hage-tanuki's death is that he was shot and killed by a hunter.<ref name="赤塚1995" /> In another version, he died in a contest of disguises with Shibaemon-tanuki of Awaji.<ref name="宮崎1980">[[#宮崎1980|宮崎1980年]]、227–231頁。</ref>
After the [[Taira]] clan was ruined, Hage-tanuki became the protector deity of [[Yashima-ji]], the eighty-fourth temple on the [[Shikoku Pilgrimage|Shikoku 88-temple pilgrimage]]. His skill at transformation was called the best in Japan and he achieved the rank of supreme commander of tanuki in Shikoku. In times of extreme cold, 300 tanuki of his household would gather together, and he would show phantom magic [[Minamoto no Yoshitsune]]'s Yasō Tobi (八艘飛び) Yumi Nagashi (弓流し) as it happened during the [[Genpei war|Genpei War]].<ref name="赤塚1995" />


According to the latter story, while the three famous tanuki were all boasting about how they were the best in Japan, Hage-tanuki embarked towards Awaji, and challenged Shibaemon-tanuki to a contest of disguises. On the day of the match, Shibaemon saw countless naval ships appearing at sea. While Shibaemon was still in a state of surprise, believing war had broken out, the boats disappeared, and Hage-tanuki appeared. The fleet had been Hage-tanuki's disguise, successfully tricking Shibaemon. In response to Hage-tanuki's boasts of victory, Shibaemon-tanuki said that he would disguise himself as the ''[[daimyō]]''{{'}}s royal procession. On the next day, a splendid procession appeared. Hage-tanuki praised Shibaemon in a loud voice, but was reprimanded by a soldier for his insolence and was killed by a spear; it had been the real Daimyo's procession. Shibaemon, who thought this unfortunate, courteously gave him a funeral service.<ref name="宮崎1980" />
Afterwards, Hage-tanuki died. One theory of his death is that he was shot and killed by a hunter.<ref name="赤塚1995" /> In another telling, he died in a contest of disguises with Shibaemon-tanuki of Awaji.<ref name="宮崎1980">[[#宮崎1980|宮崎1980年]]、227-231頁。</ref>


After Hage-tanuki's death, his spirit moved to dwell in [[Awa Province (Tokushima)|Awa Province]] (now [[Tokushima Prefecture]]), and started to possess humans. In the years of [[Kaei]], in Hayashimura, Awa district (now Awa city), he possessed a female hairdresser, made predictions, and was said to have dropped a tanukitsuki ([[Japanese raccoon dog|tanuki]] possession).<ref name="赤塚1995" /><ref name="後藤1922">[[#後藤1922|後藤1922年]]、282–290頁。</ref>
According to the latter story, while the three famous tanuki were all boasting about how they were the best in Japan, Hage-danuki embarked towards Awaji and challenged Shibaemon-tanuki to a contest of disguises. On the day of the match, Shibaemon, who came to the ground for the match, saw countless naval ships appearing at sea. While Shibaemon was still surprised, thinking that a war had broken out, the boats disappeared, and Hage-tanuki appeared. It was Hage-tanuki's technique that successful tricked Shibaemon. In response to Hage-tanuki's boasts of victory, Shibaemon-danuki said that he would disguise himself as the [[Daimyo]]'s royal procession. On the next day, a splendid procession appeared. Hage-tanuki praised him in a loud voice,but was reprimanded by a soldier for his insolence and was killed by a spear. It was the real Daimyo's procession. Shibaemon, who thought that this was unfortunate, courteously gave him a funeral service.<ref name="宮崎1980" />


In the great war between tanuki that occurred in the closing years of the [[Edo]] period, the [[Awa Tanuki Gassen]], in the village of Higaino (now [[Komatsushima, Tokushima|Komatsushima city]]), spoke through possessed people and told of an event involving Hage-tanuki. After Kinkyō-tanuki and Rokuemon-tanuki killed each other, their offspring were about to try to take revenge on each other, and Yashima no Hage-tanuki arbitrated between them and settled the issue.<ref name="後藤1922" /> Afterwards, in the [[First Sino-Japanese War|First Sino-Japanese ]] and [[Russo-Japanese War|Russo-Japanese]] wars, Hage-tanuki departed with many of his followers towards Manchuria.<ref name="後藤1922" />
Hage-tanuki's spirit after death moved to dwell in [[Awa Province (Tokushima)|Awa]] (now [[Tokushima Prefecture]]), and started to possess humans. In the years of [[Kaei]], in Hayashimura, Awa district (now Awa city), he possessed a female hairdresser, made predictions, and was said to have dropped a tanukitsuki ([[tanuki]] possession).<ref name="赤塚1995" /><ref name="後藤1922">[[#後藤1922|後藤1922年]]、282-290頁。</ref>


Yashima no Hage-tanuki performed many good deeds, so now in Takamatsu he is called Minoyama Daimyōjin (蓑山大明神).<ref name="赤塚1995" /> He is the god of family happiness, marriage,<ref name="村上2011" /> and the entertainment business; and is believed to bring about good fortune to children. He has many believers from all provinces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www17.ocn.ne.jp/~yashima/badger.htm |title=屋島太三郎狸〈蓑山大明神〉 |publisher= 四国霊場第84番 南面山 千光院 屋島寺 |access-date=2010-08-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061006064634/http://www17.ocn.ne.jp/~yashima/badger.htm |archive-date=October 6, 2006 }}(インターネット・アーカイブ による記録)</ref>
In the great war between tanuki that occurred in the closing years of the [[Edo]] period, the [[Awa Tanuki Gassen]], in the village of Higaino (now [[Komatsushima, Tokushima|Komatsushima city]]), tanuki who spoke through possessed people told of an event involving Hage-tanuki. After Kinkyō-tanuki and Rokuemon-tanuki killed each other, when their offspring were about to try to take revenge on each other, Yashima no Hage-tanuki arbitrated for them and settled the issue.<ref name="後藤1922" /> Afterwards, in the [[First Sino-Japanese War]] and the [[Russo-Japanese War]], Hage-tanuki departed with many of his followers towards Manchuria.<ref name="後藤1922" />

Yashima no Hage-tanuki performed many good deeds, so now in Takamatsu, he is called as Minoyama Daimyōjin (蓑山大明神) in Yashima-ji.<ref name="赤塚1995" /> He is the god of family happiness, marriage,<ref name="村上2011" /> and the entertainment business, and is said to bring about good fortune to children. He has many believers from all provinces.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://web.archive.org/web/20061006064634/http://www17.ocn.ne.jp/~yashima/badger.htm |title=屋島太三郎狸〈蓑山大明神〉|publisher=[http://web.archive.org/web/20071227124042/http://www17.ocn.ne.jp/~yashima/ 四国霊場第84番 南面山 千光院 屋島寺] |accessdate=2010-08-29 }}([[インターネット・アーカイブ]]による記録)</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==References==
==References==
* {{Cite book|author=赤塚盛彦|title=酒買い狸の誕生 狸・たぬきの雑学|year=1995|publisher=エピック|ref=赤塚1995}}
* {{Cite book|author=赤塚盛彦|title=酒買い狸の誕生 狸・たぬきの雑学|year=1995|publisher=エピック|ref=赤塚1995}}
* {{Cite journal|author=後藤捷一|date=July 1922|title=阿波に於ける狸傳説十八則|journal=民族と歴史|volume=8巻|issue=1号(通巻43号)|publisher=日本学術普及会|ref=後藤1922}}
* {{Cite journal|author=後藤捷一|date=July 1922|title=阿波に於ける狸傳説十八則|journal=民族と歴史|volume=8巻|issue=1号(通巻43号)|ref=後藤1922}}
* {{Cite book|author=宮崎修二朗・[[足立巻一]]|title=兵庫の伝説|year=1980|publisher=[[角川書店]]|series=日本の伝説|isbn=978-4-04-722043-0|ref=宮崎1980}}
* {{Cite book|author=宮崎修二朗・足立巻一|title=兵庫の伝説|year=1980|publisher=角川書店|series=日本の伝説|isbn=978-4-04-722043-0|ref=宮崎1980}}
*{{Cite book|author=[[村上健司]]|title=日本全国妖怪スポット|year=2011|publisher=[[汐文社]]|volume=2|isbn=978-4-8113-8804-5|ref=村上2011}}
*{{Cite book|author=村上健司|title=日本全国妖怪スポット|year=2011|publisher=汐文社|volume=2|isbn=978-4-8113-8804-5|ref=村上2011}}

{{Japanese folklore long}}


[[Category:Japanese legendary creatures]]
[[Category:Bake-danuki]]
[[Category:Mythological canines]]

Latest revision as of 08:08, 5 January 2021

Minoyama Daimyōjin on the grounds of Yashima-ji
A wine bottle of Yashima-tanuki

Yashima no Hage-tanuki (屋島の禿狸) is a Bake-danuki (化け狸, Supernatural raccoon dog), who appears in the legends of Yashima, Takamatsu, Kagawa Prefecture. He is also called Tasaburō-tanuki (太三郎狸), Yashima no Hage, and Yashima no Kamuro (屋島の禿). He is counted as one of the "three famous tanuki of Japan", along with Danzaburou-danuki of Sado and Shibaemon-tanuki of Awaji.[1] He is also famous due to his appearance in the Studio Ghibli animated movie, Heisei Tanuki Gassen Ponpoko.[2]

Legend[edit]

In the past, there was a tanuki who was wounded by a fatal arrow shot, but was saved by Taira no Shigemori. To pay his debt of gratitude, the tanuki swore to protect the Taira clan. This wounded tanuki's descendant is said to be Yashima no Hage-tanuki.[3]

After the Taira clan was ruined, Hage-tanuki became the protector deity of Yashima-ji, the 84th temple on the Shikoku 88-temple pilgrimage. His skill at transformation was called the best in Japan, and he achieved the rank of supreme commander of the tanuki in Shikoku. In times of extreme cold, 300 tanuki of his household would gather together, and he would show phantom magic to Minamoto no Yoshitsune's Yasō Tobi (八艘飛び) and Yumi Nagashi (弓流し), as happened during the Genpei War.[3]

One story of Hage-tanuki's death is that he was shot and killed by a hunter.[3] In another version, he died in a contest of disguises with Shibaemon-tanuki of Awaji.[4]

According to the latter story, while the three famous tanuki were all boasting about how they were the best in Japan, Hage-tanuki embarked towards Awaji, and challenged Shibaemon-tanuki to a contest of disguises. On the day of the match, Shibaemon saw countless naval ships appearing at sea. While Shibaemon was still in a state of surprise, believing war had broken out, the boats disappeared, and Hage-tanuki appeared. The fleet had been Hage-tanuki's disguise, successfully tricking Shibaemon. In response to Hage-tanuki's boasts of victory, Shibaemon-tanuki said that he would disguise himself as the daimyō's royal procession. On the next day, a splendid procession appeared. Hage-tanuki praised Shibaemon in a loud voice, but was reprimanded by a soldier for his insolence and was killed by a spear; it had been the real Daimyo's procession. Shibaemon, who thought this unfortunate, courteously gave him a funeral service.[4]

After Hage-tanuki's death, his spirit moved to dwell in Awa Province (now Tokushima Prefecture), and started to possess humans. In the years of Kaei, in Hayashimura, Awa district (now Awa city), he possessed a female hairdresser, made predictions, and was said to have dropped a tanukitsuki (tanuki possession).[3][5]

In the great war between tanuki that occurred in the closing years of the Edo period, the Awa Tanuki Gassen, in the village of Higaino (now Komatsushima city), spoke through possessed people and told of an event involving Hage-tanuki. After Kinkyō-tanuki and Rokuemon-tanuki killed each other, their offspring were about to try to take revenge on each other, and Yashima no Hage-tanuki arbitrated between them and settled the issue.[5] Afterwards, in the First Sino-Japanese and Russo-Japanese wars, Hage-tanuki departed with many of his followers towards Manchuria.[5]

Yashima no Hage-tanuki performed many good deeds, so now in Takamatsu he is called Minoyama Daimyōjin (蓑山大明神).[3] He is the god of family happiness, marriage,[2] and the entertainment business; and is believed to bring about good fortune to children. He has many believers from all provinces.[6]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ 宮沢光顕 (1978). 狸の話. 有峰書店. pp. 229頁.
  2. ^ a b 村上2011年、126-127頁。
  3. ^ a b c d e 赤塚1995年、99–100頁。
  4. ^ a b 宮崎1980年、227–231頁。
  5. ^ a b c 後藤1922年、282–290頁。
  6. ^ "屋島太三郎狸〈蓑山大明神〉". 四国霊場第84番 南面山 千光院 屋島寺. Archived from the original on October 6, 2006. Retrieved 2010-08-29.(インターネット・アーカイブ による記録)

References[edit]

  • 赤塚盛彦 (1995). 酒買い狸の誕生 狸・たぬきの雑学. エピック.
  • 後藤捷一 (July 1922). "阿波に於ける狸傳説十八則". 民族と歴史. 8巻 (1号(通巻43号)).
  • 宮崎修二朗・足立巻一 (1980). 兵庫の伝説. 日本の伝説. 角川書店. ISBN 978-4-04-722043-0.
  • 村上健司 (2011). 日本全国妖怪スポット. Vol. 2. 汐文社. ISBN 978-4-8113-8804-5.